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Talc is a clay mineral, composed of hydrated magnesium silicate with the chemical formula Mg3Si4O10 (OH) 2. Talc in powder form, often combined with corn starch, is used as baby powder. This mineral is used as a thickening and lubricating agent; is a material for making ceramics, paints, and roofing materials; and is a major ingredient in many cosmetics. [5] It occurs as a foliating mass to become fibrous, and in a very rare crystalline form. It has complete basal cleavage and ragged flat fracture, and is inhabited by a two-dimensional platy shape.
The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is based on a scratch hardness ratio, ranging from 1 to 10, a value of 10 being the hardest mineral. The hardness of talc, the softest mineral, determines a value of 1 on the scale. (Any mineral with a value of less than 2 can be scratched with a finger nail.) When scratched on the scribble plate, the powder produces white streaks; although this indicator is not very important, because most of the silicate minerals produce a white line. Transparent to opaque powder, ranging in color from whitish gray to green with a glass and pearl luster. Talc is insoluble in water, and slightly soluble in dilute mineral acids. [6]
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