Phosporic Acid 85% , H3po4, Orthophosporic Acid
Phosphoric acid (also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid [English: phosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, phosphoric(V) acid]) is a mineral acid (inorganic) with the chemical formula H3PO4. Orthophosphoric acid refers to phosphoric acid, which is the IUPAC name for this compound. The prefix ortho is used to distinguish this acid from its related phosphoric acid, which is called a polyphosphoric acid. Orthophosphoric acid is a non-toxic acid, which, in its pure form, is solid at room temperature and pressure. The conjugate base of phosphoric acid is the dihydrogen phosphate ion, H
2PO2−
4, which in turn has the conjugate base of hydrogen phosphate, HPO2−
4, which has a phosphate conjugate base, PO3−
4. Phosphate is nutritious for all forms of life.
In addition to being a chemical reagent, phosphoric acid has a wide variety of uses, including as a rust inhibitor, food additive, dental and orthopedic etchant, electrolyte, flux, dispersing agent, industrial etchant, fertilizer feedstock, and component of household cleaning products. Phosphoric and phosphoric acids are also important in biology.
The most common source of phosphoric acid is an 85% aqueous solution; The solution is colorless, odorless, and non-volatile. The 85% solution is a syrupy liquid, but still pourable. Although phosphoric acid does not meet the strict definition of a strong acid, an 85% solution is acidic enough to be corrosive. Due to the high percentage of phosphoric acid in this reagent, at least some of the orthophosphoric acid is condensed to polyphosphoric acid. For the sake of labeling and simplicity, 85% represents H3PO4 as if it were all orthophosphoric acid. Dilute phosphoric acid solutions exist in the ortho form.